Ancestral Genetic Resources Provide an Alternative to GMO Crops
Abstract
Concern about the effects of pesticides on human healthand the environment, has been a major rationale for pro-
moting transgenic crops, often referred to as genetically
modified organisms (GMOs), or as genetically enhanced
(GE) crops. Companies that sell genetically engineered
crop plants claim that biotechnology offers a safe alterna-
tive to agricultural chemicals and is necessary to feed the
world’s expanding human population. However, there are
still many unknowns about the safety of GMOs for human
health and the environment, and virtually nothing is known
about how the genomes of organisms may be affected
by horizontal transfer of alien genes into plants, animals,
and even humans. An alternative approach to transgen-
ic technology is the exploitation of beneficial genes from
wild relatives of crop plants using conventional breeding
methods. This paper describes how genetic engineering
differs from conventional plant breeding, then compares
and contrasts benefits from transgenic engineering with
traditional methods of crop improvement. An example of
how the ancestral genes model has been employed to im-
part an insect resistance trait to corn based on native re-
sistance from a wild relative is compared to transgenic
corn with resistance to the same insect engineered with
a transgene from a bacterium. Using the ancestral genes
approach, harmful chemicals used to control the worst in-
sect pest of corn can be eliminated with no consequenc-
es to human health or the environment; whereas with the
transgenic approach, there are many safety concerns in
both arenas.
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Published
2008-03-31
How to Cite
Eubanks, M. W. (2008). Ancestral Genetic Resources Provide an Alternative to GMO Crops. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 1, 021–030. Retrieved from https://ethnobotanyjournal.org/index.php/era/article/view/24
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Research
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